![]() Figure 5.6 shows an example of a ternary phase diagram. In modern times, we use an equilateral triangle for such a representation. ![]() Gibbs first proposed the use of a triangular coordinate system. A rectangular coordinate plot, having only two axes, will no longer suffice. Intuitively, having more than two components poses a problem when a pictorial representation is desired. For example, in CO 2 injection into an oil reservoir, CO 2, C 1, and C 2 are often lumped into a single light pseudo-component, while C 3 to C 6 form the intermediate pseudo-component, and the others (C 8+) are lumped together into a single heavy pseudo-component. In this case, each group is treated as a single component. We can also have pseudo 3-component systems, which consist of multicomponent systems (more than 3 components) that can be described by lumping all components into 3 groups, or pseudo-components. ![]() For example, air is often approximated as being composed of nitrogen, oxygen, and argon, while dry natural gas can be rather crudely approximated as being composed of methane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide. Ternary systems are more frequently encountered in practice than binary systems. The next more complex type of multi-component system is a ternary, or three-component, system.
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